The Possible Reason of Weight Gain After Curative Parathyroidectomy
An observational study found that Asian Indian with symptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) were having lower body weight due to significant gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations that compromise food intake. It is plausible that reinstatement of eucalcemia after curative parathyroidectomy improves appetite leading to increased food intake and subsequent weight gain.
Weight Gain After Curative Parathyroidectomy
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the 3rd most common endocrine condition characterized by hypercalcemia and elevated parathyroid hormone levels. A study found that Asian Indian patients who were symptomatic PHPT and presented with a history of weight loss and gastrointestinal symptoms and those with biochemically severe disease were more likely to gain weight after curative parathyroidectomy.
Mortality Risk Following Atypical Femoral Fracture and Typical Hip Fracture
The systematic review and meta analysis revealed that one-year mortality rate following atypical femoral fracture was 10% which was observed to be lower than the reported mortality rate following typical hip fracture which was around 20%. This meta analysis revealed that there is no significant difference in mortality risk between atypical femoral fracture and typical femoral fracture.
Effects Of Elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor In Children With Cystic Fibrosis
A study determined the effect of ETI on glucose tolerance and lipids in children with CF. Minimal differences were observed between 2-hour blood glucose after OGTT and HbA1c after ≥ 1 year on ETI compared to controls. Minimal changes were noted for BMI, triglycerides, and weight-z scores after ET administration. A significant increase in total cholesterol was observed with the use of ET.
Hypercalcemia In A Child On Ketogenic Diet
A meta-analysis has demonstrated that the ketogenic diet significantly reduces seizures in patients with intractable epilepsy refractory to common antiepileptic drugs. However, several cases reported that consuming a keto diet developed unexplained hypercalcemia in epileptic patients. The exact mechanism of action is unknown but it is likely due to a relative increase in bone turnover.
Does Drinking Coffee Hinder Thyroid Medication Absorption
Guidelines recommend patients to take thyroid hormone replacement therapy on an empty stomach to avoid drug interaction but a new study suggests coffee consumption does not affect the absorption of the liquid formulation of an oral levothyroxine sodium solution (Thyquidity). It’s good news for the patients as they don’t have to adjust their lifestyle to adhere to the recommendations.
Consuming Too Much Fructose Corn Syrup Increases NAFLD Risk
The researchers analyzed data from 3,292 participants enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018. High fructose consumption was associated with a higher chance of NAFLD among the total population and Mexican Americans. NAFLD can progress to chronic liver damage and lead to death. Diet and exercise are the standard of care for NAFLD.
Pharmacokinetics of Metformin in Obese Non-Diabetic Youth
A study investigated the variability of pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of metformin in obese, non-diabetic adolescents. The pilot data suggested a two-fold variability in apparent clearance, with apparent clearance increasing in relation to obesity severity class. Greater clearance, and reduced systemic exposure (AUC), may indicate a need for a larger dose of metformin in severely obese youth.
Liraglutide In Obese Adolescents After Gastrectomy
A phase 2 trial studied the efficacy of daily subcutaneous liraglutide in BMI reduction in adolescents ≥1 year after vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG). Among 17 participants who reached 8 weeks of Liraglutide treatment, the mean absolute change in weight was -3.9 ± 2.6kg. The percent change in weight was -1.4 ± 0.9kg/m2. The percent change in BMI was -3.6 ± 2.6%.
Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (NPHT)
A recent study showed that normalization of intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) was achieved solely with medical management using Vit. D3 supplementation. This is particularly important because the majority of existing post-parathyroidectomy NPHPT patients have multiglandular disease, which may not be successfully controlled with a single, minimally invasive parathyroidectomy.
Effect of Testosterone on Ambulatory BP and Heart Rate
A study investigated the effect of testosterone on ambulatory BP in men with T2D and hypogonadism. It was found that testosterone given as a replacement hormone does not increase 24-hour ambulatory systolic or diastolic BP at 6-12 months duration in hypogonadal patients with type 2 diabetes. But testosterone caused a decrease in nighttime heart rate of 4-5 beats/min.
Treatment of TSH Levels in Women With Infertility
A study investigated the effect of levothyroxine treatment in inertile women with high normal TSH levels. showed a significantly higher percentage of women (n=105) treated with levothyroxine conceived (100%) compared to an untreated group of women (92%,p-value 0.027). The effect of levothyroxine was also higher in women with UI(n=86) (LT+ 100% vs LT- 89.5%, p=0.02).
Leptin Level, BMI, And Genetics In Early Onset Obesity
Leptin is important for body weight regulation and correlates with body fat and body mass index (BMI). Low levels of leptin and leptin resistance influence overfeeding and suppress energy expenditure. Identifying patients with low leptin levels for the degree of obesity can help to provide individualized treatment to decrease appetite and increase energy expenditure.
Metformin, Spironolactone and Oral Contraceptives VS Monotherapy in PCOS
A study showed that the combination of pharmacological agents(OCP + Spironolactone, Metformin + OCP and Metformin + Spironolactone) produced the greatest reductions in testosterone levels compared to monotherapy in patients with PCOS. Metformin, Metformin + OCP, and Placebo reduced BMI better. Metformin + Spironolactone and Metformin alone showed to be superior at lowering glucose levels.
Postprandial Adipose Insulin Resistance in Girls With PCOS
A study included 133 girls of 13-21 years with obesity (110 girls with and 23 without PCOS). It was found that girls with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) shows increased markers of adipose IR with higher FFA (fasting, nadir, AUC), and glycerol (fasting, AUC). Girls who had PCOS has higher HbA1c, higher LDL/triglycerides, increased liver fat, and increased visceral abdominal fat.
Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight and Obese Adults
Studies have shown that short-term (less than 1 week) time restricted eating (TRE) can increase glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, but few studies have evaluated the longer-term effects. In a 12-week study, 81 overweight/obese adults were randomized to E-TRE plus DCR or DCR alone. Significant differences between E-TRE and DCR in glucose profiles or insulin sensitivity were not found.
Cortrosyn Testing for the Diagnosis of Adrenal Insufficiency
Cortrosyn testing is a standard method for the diagnosis of Adrenal insufficiency. A review of 1 mcg stimulation tests using newer assays on 186 patents was done to determine pass/fail rates by timepoint/threshold. It was found that with the newer assays, higher percentage of patients passed the cortisol cut off of 14 mcg/dl than the older cut off of 18 mcg/dl (84.9% vs. 72%).
