Artificial Intelligence may Soon Change How Physicians Approach Medical Care
Artificial intelligence may allow health care providers to combine large data sources to identify and calculate likely outcomes for individual patients which may prove helpful in diabetes care. The information is so detailed and you have access to so many patients in your database that you can make a good prediction of what’s going to happen next and diagnosis of diabetes complications.
Empagliflozin Improves Parameters of Left Atrial Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
A post hoc analysis of the EMPA-Hemodynamics study which included 44 participants with type 2 diabetes and no AF/atrial flutter found that empagliflozin was associated with improved LA function after 3 months as assessed by a mean increase from 26.4% to 29% in LA strain reservoir and a mean increase from 10.9% to 12.5% in LA strain contraction phase values compared with placebo.
Bariatric Surgery can Treat Complications in People With Obesity and Diabetes
A study included 79 participants that completed the 2-year follow-up after undergoing bariatric surgery. All participants had class 2 or 3 obesity. After 2 years, the data showed an improvement in peripheral neuropathy, quality of life and pain among participant. Retinopathy and cardiac autonomic neuropathy were stable. There was an improvement metabolic risk factors, including weight reduction.
Is Childhood Adversity Related to a Higher Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Early Adulthood?
A study of 1.2 million individuals found that individuals who experienced childhood adversity (such as maltreatment, physical and mental illness in family and poverty) are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes in early adulthood compared with individuals exposed to low adversity. Intervening upon proximal determinants of adversity may help reduce the number of T2D cases among young adults.
Is Metformin Use Associated With Incidence of Osteoarthritis (OA)?
A study included 41,874 patients with type 2 diabetes using metformin or a sulfonylurea. T1D/OA patients were excluded. It was found that the risk of developing OA was reduced by 24% for individuals treated with metformin than sulfonylurea, but there was no significant difference for risk of joint replacement. It suggests metformin may have a protective association against the development of OA.
Replacing Sugary Drinks With Coffee/Tea/Plain Water Lowers Mortality Risk in Adults With Diabetes
A recent study showed that the higher intake of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) is associated with higher all cause mortality and incidence of cardiovascular disease among adults with type 2 diabetes. Whereas intakes of coffee, tea, plain water, or low fat milk are associated with 18%, 16%, 16%, 12% reduced risk of all cause mortality respectively.
Astaxanthin Reduces CVD Risk in People With Prediabetes and Dyslipidemia
A study found that patients with prediabetes and dyslipidemia who took 12 milligrams of astaxanthin every day experienced improvements in cardiovascular disease markers like L-selectin, fibrinogen and fetuin-A, but the results were not statistically significant. Patients who took astaxanthin also had a nonsignificant decrease in total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
Dulaglutide Helps Reduce Systolic BP and Pulse Pressure in Patients With T2D
Patients with T2D who were treated with dulaglutide experienced a decrease in pulse pressure and systolic blood pressure. The studies showed a decrease of 2.6 mm Hg in SBP compared with the placebo. 36% of this effect was weight-dependent and 64% was weight-independent. Pulse pressure decreases were 2.5 mm Hg. 14% of the effect was weight-dependent, and 86% was weight-independent.
What Are the Reasons for Statin Nonuse in Patients With Diabetes?
An AI model identifies reasons for statin nonuse in patients with diabetes using electronic health record data. Reasons for statin nonuse vary across age, race/ethnicity, insurance and diabetes type. Statin hesitancy (19%), guideline-discordant practice (19%) and clinical inertia (18%) are more common compared with side effects and/or contraindications (12%) as the reason for statin nonuse.
Early Time-restricted Intermittent Fasting Diet is Linked to Greater Glucose Tolerance
A large study has shown that people on a time-restricted intermittent fasting diet, eating only between 8:00 a.m. and 12:00 p.m. for 3 days per week, has greater improvements in glucose tolerance at 6 months than those on a restricted caloric diet. Both iTRE and CR reduce diastolic BP, body weight and fat mass. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein are lower in the iTRE group.
Does Once-daily Oral Verapamil Preserve Pancreatic Beta Cell Function?
In a trial including 88 children and adolescents with newly diagnosed T1D, C-peptide levels (a measure of pancreatic beta cell function) measured during a mixed-meal tolerance test 52 weeks after diagnosis were 30% higher with verapamil vs. placebo. The percentage of participants with a 52-week peak C-peptide level of ≥ 0.2 pmol/mL was 95% in the verapamil group vs 71% in the placebo group.
Lifestyle Modification is Associated With a Larger Benefit Than metformin in Adults With Prediabetes
First-line therapy for prediabetes is lifestyle modification consisting of calorie restriction, increased physical activity (≥150 min/wk), self-monitoring, and motivational support. It decreases diabetes incidence by 6.2 cases per 100 person-years during a 3-year period. While metformin decreases diabetes risk among individuals with prediabetes by 3.2 cases per 100 person-years during 3 years.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Improves Diabetes Distress and A1C
Cognitive-behavioral-therapy improves diabetes distress and A1C among adults with diabetes. 29 adults with T1D or T2D attended 131 total sessions out of 174 sessions of cognitive-behavioral-therapy. At 3-month follow-up, significant improvements were observed in A1C values (mean = - 0.39%), diabetes distress (mean = 2.55). Improvements were also observed in diabetes self-efficacy.
Can Curcumin Supplementation be a Good Option for Weight Loss?
Meta-analyses of RCTs have shown that curcumin supplementation significantly reduced BMI, BW, and WC with mean differences (MDs) of −0.24 kg/m2, −0.59 kg, and −1.32 cm, respectively, especially in adults with obesity and diabetes. It also reduces anthropometric indices. Augmenting curcumin supplement with lifestyle modification should be an option for weight reduction.
Effect of Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Daily Liraglutide on Body Weight
Among adults with overweight or obesity without diabetes, once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide compared with once-daily subcutaneous liraglutide, added to counseling for diet and physical activity, resulted in significantly greater weight loss at 68 weeks.The mean weight change from baseline was –15.8% with semaglutide vs –6.4% with liraglutide (placebo was –1.9%).
Proton Pump Inhibitors Increase CVD, Mortality Risk for Adults with Type 2 Diabetes
Data from 19,229 adults with type 2 diabetes who participated in the UK Biobank showed that adults who used PPIs had higher risks for coronary artery disease (aHR = 1.27), myocardial infarction (aHR = 1.34), heart failure (aHR = 1.35) and all-cause mortality (aHR = 1.3) than nonusers. Physicians should enhance monitoring of CV phenotypes among patients with type 2 diabetes during PPI therapy.
Aflibercept to Prevent Vision Complications of Diabetic Retinopathy
328 patients with Diabetic Retinopathy randomized to 2.0 mg intravitreal aflibercept or sham injections. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy with vision loss developed in 33.9% of those in aflibercept group vs 56.9% in sham group. Change in visual acuity was −2.7 vs −2.4 letters. Aflibercept resulted in significant anatomic improvement, but no improvement in visual acuity.
Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Lost 5% or More of Body Weight With GLP-1 Agonists
Reserachers analyzed electronic health records and health insurance claims data from 2,405 adults who were dispensed a GLP-1 RA from 2011 to 2018.At 8 weeks, adults lost a mean 1.1% of their body weight. That weight loss doubled to 2.2% at 72 weeks. At 72 weeks, 33.3% of GLP-1 RA users lost at least 5% of their body weigh, and 10.5% lost 10% or more of their body weight.
Year-long Aerobic Exercise Intervention Reduces Long-term Risk for Diabetes
The long-term effect of vigorous and moderate exercise on incident diabetes were assessed over a 10-year follow-up after a 12-month exercise intervention. Compared with the non-exercise group, diabetes risk was reduced by 49% in the vigorous aerobic exercise group; and 53% in the moderate aerobic exercise group. There were significant reductions in waist circumference and HbA1c.
